Summary of knowledge of different vacuum blood collection tubes
For laboratory departments, blood is one of the most important samples, and different substances are added to separate or preserve blood depending on the purpose of the blood collected. In order to better distinguish different uses of blood collection tubes, the color of the tube cap often represents different additives, this article sorted out several common blood collection blood collection tubes, and made a detailed introduction.
01 Red blood collection tubes – normal/rapid serum tubes
Does not contain anticoagulants, also called biochemical tubes, the inner wall of the blood collection blood vessel is evenly coated with a drug to prevent hanging on the wall, mainly used for blood biochemistry. Divided into ordinary serum tubes and rapid serum tubes, the label will indicate whether there is a coagulant, or use red and orange red to distinguish between the two, the role of the coagulant is to accelerate blood clotting. If you want to get results quickly, you can use a procoagulant tube.
Sample type: Serum
Uses: bacteria, tumor, gonadal, immunoconventional, immune whole, rheumatic antibody, diabetic nephropathy detection, blood triathlon, ICA (insulin cell antibody), GAD (glutamate decarboxylase antibody), ABAP (osteoalkali phosphonase), prostaglandins (T-PSA-F-PSA), HBV-DNA, ferritin, cold set, procalcitonin PCT, mycoplasma antibody, gastrin, ANCA, blood cytomegalovirus antibody, human epididymal epididymal secreted protein, serum protein electrophoresis, RA five , TB-AD tuberculosis antibodies.
02 Green blood collection tube - heparin anticoagulation tube
Heparin is added in the blood collection vessels, heparin directly has the effect of antithrombin, can prolong the coagulation time of the specimen, excess heparin will cause the aggregation of white blood cells, can not be used for white blood cell count, because it can make the background light blue after staining the blood film, so it is not suitable for white blood cell classification.
Sample type: whole blood, plasma
Uses: red blood cell fragility test, blood gas analysis, hematocrit test, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and general energy biochemical determination.
03 Light green blood collection tube - plasma separation tube
Contains heparin lithium or heparin sodium and gel, heparin is a mucopolysaccharide containing a sulfate group, with a strong negative charge, has the effect of strengthening antithrombin 3 to inactivate serine protease, thereby preventing the formation of thrombin, and has a variety of anticoagulant effects such as preventing platelet aggregation, usually 15IU heparin anticoagulates 1ml of blood. Heparin tubes are generally used for emergency biochemical and blood rheology testing.
Sample type: plasma
Uses: TNT, environmental protection mycin, B27, blood ammonia, BNP (type B natriuretic peptide)
04 Dark blue blood collection blood tube - trace element tube
Contains heparin sodium, EDTA Na2, EDTA K2, coagulant (plastic tube, serum) and coagulant-free (glass tube, serum) additive. Heparin sodium should not be used when testing sodium ions in blood samples to avoid affecting the test results.
Uses: trace elements, toxicology and nutritional chemistry testing
05 Purple blood collection tube - EDTA anticoagulation tube
Contains EDTA anticoagulant, in blood routine detection, EDTA anticoagulant has less effect on blood cell agglutination and blood cell morphology than other anticoagulants, so EDTA salts (2K, 3K, 2Na) are usually used as anticoagulants. EDTA salts combine with calcium ions in the blood to form chelates, which prevent blood clotting.
Sample type: whole blood, plasma
Use:
2ml: CBC, reticulocytes, glycated hemoglobin (HBAIC), TC bloodgroup, BNP (beat)
5ml: pituitary, parathyroidine, renin, adrenal function, adrenal function, adrenal function ATCH + COR, cortisol (COR), blood group + D antigen (zygosy)
It is not suitable for coagulation test and platelet function test, nor is it suitable for the determination of calcium, potassium, sodium, iron, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase and leucine aminopeptidase and PCR test.
06 Golden yellow blood collection tube - inert separation procoagulant tube
Contains inert separation gel and coagulant, and the tube wall is coated with coagulant to accelerate the coagulation of blood, avoid 37°C water bath, and shorten the test time. The separation glue has a good affinity with the PET tube and plays a role in isolation.
Specimen type: Serum
Use:
3ml: biochemical items, digoxin concentration, myocardial enzymes, amylase, thyroid function, thyroid function, free thyroid function, total thyroid hormone determination, thyroid antibody, thyroid receptor antibody
5ml: C-reactive protein (CRP immunity, both red and yellow), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)
07 light blue blood collection blood vessels - sodium citrate blood collection blood vessels
Contains 3.2% or 3.8% sodium citrate (sodium citrate), please pay attention to the amount of blood collected to ensure the accuracy of the test results. Immediately after blood collection, mix upside down 5-8 times. The ratio of anticoagulants to blood is 1:9.
Specimen type: whole blood, plasma
Uses: for fibrinolytic systems (prothrombin time, thrombin time, activated partial thrombin time, fibrinogen).
08 Black blood collection blood collection tube - sodium citrate erythrocyte test tube
Contains 3.2% (0.109mol/L)-3.8% sodium citrate (sodium citrate), its anticoagulant to blood volume ratio is 1:4, when the anticoagulant ratio is too high, blood is diluted, can accelerate erythrocyte sedimentation. Heparin anticoagulants can change the potential of red blood cells, so it is not suitable for testing the erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
Sample type: whole blood
Uses: ESR
09 gray blood collection tube - sodium oxalate/sodium fluoride blood glucose test tube
The additive in the tube is sodium fluoride + potassium oxalate / sodium fluoride + sodium heparin, sodium fluoride is a weak anticoagulant, has a good effect of preventing blood sugar degradation, sodium fluoride + potassium oxalate / sodium fluoride + sodium heparin sodium mixture 4mg can make 1ml of blood within 23 days without coagulation and inhibit sugar decomposition, please pay attention to slowly upside down mixing when using.
Uses: Blood glucose detection, can not be used for urease method to determine urea, can not be used for alkaline phosphatase and amylase determination
Of course, in addition to the above several common blood collection tubes, there are some corresponding blood collection tubes for different projects, such as lead element detection tubes, whole blood RNA tubes, plasma protein preservation tubes, ACD tubes and so on. Whether the specific corresponding blood collection blood collection blood collection can be applied to the corresponding detection should be comprehensively considered according to the additives of the blood collection tube.
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